Backport #27181 by @silverwind
The `.new-menu` was using a pseudo-element based fade-out effect.
Replace this with a more modern mask-based effect which in this case
required a child element to avoid fading out the background as well, so
I applied it to child `new-menu-inner` which was present on all these
menus except explore where I added it.
There is no visual difference except that the items on the explore page
have no `gap` between them any longer, making it consistent with other
menus. Before and after:
<img width="221" alt="Screenshot 2023-09-21 at 21 13 19"
src="https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/assets/115237/b4a38ce2-cee1-4c54-84a5-e1d0bfd79e29">
<img width="222" alt="Screenshot 2023-09-21 at 21 32 36"
src="https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/assets/115237/bb6b1335-d935-4ad4-bb85-3b0fc3027c2b">
Also, this cleans up the related CSS vars:
- `--color-header-wrapper-transparent` is removed, no longer needed
- `--color-header-wrapper` is defined in base theme as well, was
previously unset and therefor transparent.
[no whitespace
diff](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/27181/files?diff=unified&w=1)
[demo of mask fade](https://jsfiddle.net/silverwind/tsfadb3u/)
Co-authored-by: silverwind <me@silverwind.io>
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